Alcohol is not banned across India. However, while certain states have either imposed a total or partial ban on sale, consumption and possession of alcohol, other states have not banned alcohol but regulate alcohol consumption through taxes, age limits for drinking and licensing requirements for bars and shops.
Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation, opposed alcohol consumption. Calls for a ban on alcohol consumption by Gandhians led to the inclusion of Article 47 in the constitution of India. Article 47 is one of the directive principles of state policy. It states “in particular, the State shall endeavour to bring about prohibition of the consumption except for medicinal purposes of intoxicating drinks and of drugs which are injurious to health.”
States of the Union of India have been directed to ban alcohol through Article 47 of the Indian constitution. Furthermore, Article 7 of the Indian constitution makes alcohol a state subject, which means the state governments have the right and responsibility to frame laws regarding the production, manufacture, possession, transportation, purchase and sale of intoxicating liquors.
Thus, the Government of India doesn’t have the power to impose a nationwide ban on alcohol. It is in the domain of the states. Let’s have a look at the states in India where alcohol is completely or partially banned.
Gujarat
Alcohol prohibition has been in effect since 1st May 1960. There is a total ban on sale, consumption and possession of alcohol in the state, with fines and imprisonment for violations. However, foreigners and non-residents can procure alcohol through special permits.
Bihar
There is a complete ban on alcohol since April 2016. The ban covers sale, consumption and production of alcohol. Violations of the ban are non-bailable offences in the state. Furthermore, there are provisions to confiscate the properties where alcohol is either stored or manufactured.
Nagaland
Alcohol is completely banned in the state under the Nagaland Liquor Total Prohibition Act, 1989. The law bans sale and consumption of alcohol in the state. However, exemptions exist for certain tribal practices.
Manipur
Partial ban on alcohol exists in the state of Manipur. Alcohol is banned in most districts of the state. However, regulated sales of alcohol are allowed in some areas, including the state capital, Imphal.
Lakshadweep
The Union Territory of Lakshadweep imposes a partial ban on alcohol. While alcohol is completely banned for residents, tourists are permitted to consume alcohol with permits or at designated resorts.
Mizoram
Total ban on alcohol existed in Mizoram under The Mizoram Total Prohibition Act, 1995. However, under the new Mizoram Liquor Prohibition Act, 2019, sale of wine made from locally-grown grapes is allowed.
